{"id":2154,"date":"2024-08-15T09:14:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T07:14:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/up-zavody\/"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:11:26","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T10:11:26","slug":"up-zavody","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/up-zavody\/","title":{"rendered":"UP Z\u00e1vody"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>V historii \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho interi\u00e9rov\u00e9ho designu nelze opomenout fenom\u00e9n UP z\u00e1vod\u016f nebo Spojen\u00fdch um\u011bleckopr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f. UP z\u00e1vody <strong> <\/strong>pat\u0159ily k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm n\u00e1bytku v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na charakter interi\u00e9rov\u00e9ho designu m\u011bly UP z\u00e1vody se vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdznamem na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spole\u010dnost m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 po\u010d\u00e1tky v roce 1918. Zakladatelem byl Jan Van\u011bk, po Va\u0148kovi se ujal Vladim\u00edr Mare\u010dek a zah\u00e1jil tvorbu jednoduch\u00e9ho, \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9ho a praktick\u00e9ho n\u00e1bytku a jeho propagaci.<br\/>V roce 1930 nastoupil do veden\u00ed podniku Jind\u0159ich Halabala, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159editel a hlavn\u00ed konstrukt\u00e9r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spole\u010dnost \u010derp\u00e1 z estetiky a funk\u010dnosti designu meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed.<br\/>Zat\u00edmco t\u011bsn\u011b po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce byly styly biedermeier a art deco st\u00e1le popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, architekti a teoretici ji\u017e za\u010dali volat po zm\u011bn\u011b. Bytov\u00e1 krize si nav\u00edc vy\u017e\u00e1dala \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro men\u0161\u00ed byty a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vybaven\u00ed a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se na\u0161lo ve funk\u010dn\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ide\u00e1lem se stal praktick\u00fd, funk\u010dn\u00ed, pohodln\u00fd, hygienick\u00fd, skladn\u00fd a strojov\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fd n\u00e1bytek. Inspirac\u00ed byl v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00fd Adolf Loos, n\u011bmeck\u00fd Bauhaus a Werkbund, Corbusier\u016fv architektonick\u00fd purismus ve Francii, Holandsko s neoplasticismem skupiny De Stijl a rusk\u00fd konstruktivismus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch let, po n\u00e1stupu Jana Va\u0148ka, vyr\u00e1b\u011bly z\u00e1vody UP z\u00e1vody p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm historick\u00fd n\u00e1bytek. Mezi nejnal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bytov\u00e9 pot\u0159eby ale Jan Van\u011bk za\u0159adil po\u017eadavek na \u00fa\u010deln\u00fd, hygienick\u00fd interi\u00e9r a funk\u010dn\u00ed vybaven\u00ed bez dekorac\u00ed. Prosazoval proto standardizovanou v\u00fdrobu typick\u00fdch produkt\u016f, kter\u00e9 by se li\u0161ily jen v detailech. Pot\u00e9, co z\u00e1vody UP zavedly a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily pr\u016fmyslovou v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1bytku, nen\u00e1vratn\u011b zm\u011bnily podobu \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 bytov\u00e9 kultury a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch interi\u00e9r\u016f.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento praktick\u00fd form\u00e1t si velmi brzy z\u00edskal oblibu u ve\u0159ejnosti. Mohla za to snadn\u00e1 a srozumiteln\u00e1 kombinovatelnost, mo\u017enost jednoduch\u00fdch zm\u011bn a dopl\u0148k\u016f, bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159ijateln\u00e1 cena. V\u00fdroba typick\u00e9ho n\u00e1bytku podle Va\u0148kov\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011bhla v\u00fdrobu na zak\u00e1zku.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po Va\u0148kov\u011b odchodu p\u0159evzal veden\u00ed tov\u00e1ren United UP Vladim\u00edr Mare\u010dek a postupn\u011b firma p\u0159e\u0161la na v\u00fdrobu standardn\u00edho n\u00e1bytku hladk\u00fdch tvar\u016f. S\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba byla zah\u00e1jena v roce 1927 objedn\u00e1vkou sk\u0159\u00edn\u00ed pro VUT v Brn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jind\u0159ich Halabala se stal hlavn\u00edm design\u00e9rem v roce 1930 a za jeho p\u016fsoben\u00ed spolu s Vladim\u00edrem Mare\u010dkem posunul jak podobu v\u00fdrobk\u016f, tak i m\u00edru jejich propagace. V interi\u00e9ru zastupovali n\u00e1bytkovou sestavu v\u010detn\u011b dopl\u0148k\u016f jako jsou koberce, lustry, sklenice a dal\u0161\u00ed dopl\u0148ky. Postupn\u011b p\u0159ibyly dal\u0161\u00ed tov\u00e1rny, pily a lesy v\u0161ude kolem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se firma stala m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1vislou na dodavatel\u00edch a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila nab\u00eddku o v\u00fdrobu parket, dve\u0159\u00ed a z\u00e1rubn\u00ed. UP z\u00e1vody tak mohly realizovat komplexn\u00ed bytov\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed n\u00e1bytek byl jednou z novinek, kter\u00e9 UP z\u00e1vody p\u0159inesly. P\u0159edlohou pro prvn\u00ed s\u00e9rii sk\u0159\u00edn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se mezi sebou snadno kombinuj\u00ed, byly \u00fazk\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ka na soklu a sekret\u00e1\u0159 na no\u017ei\u010dk\u00e1ch podle n\u00e1vrhu Jana Va\u0148ka. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bly se tak\u00e9 stoly, sedac\u00ed soupravy, sedac\u00ed, dopl\u0148kov\u00fd a kuchy\u0148sk\u00fd n\u00e1bytek, jeho\u017e nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edm modelem byl obl\u00edben\u00fd kuchy\u0148sk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edborn\u00edk Universa. N\u011bkter\u00e9 ze star\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f, jako je pohovka Model nebo k\u0159eslo &#8222;Morris&#8220; s v\u00fd\u0161kov\u011b nastaviteln\u00fdm op\u011bradlem, z\u016fstaly ve v\u00fdrob\u011b l\u00e9ta.   <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V historii \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho interi\u00e9rov\u00e9ho designu nelze opomenout fenom\u00e9n UP z\u00e1vod\u016f nebo Spojen\u00fdch um\u011bleckopr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f. UP z\u00e1vody pat\u0159ily k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm n\u00e1bytku v Evrop\u011b. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na charakter interi\u00e9rov\u00e9ho designu m\u011bly UP z\u00e1vody se vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdznamem na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed. Spole\u010dnost m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 po\u010d\u00e1tky v roce 1918. Zakladatelem byl Jan Van\u011bk, po Va\u0148kovi se ujal Vladim\u00edr [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2154","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2155,"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2154\/revisions\/2155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mid-century-design.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}